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Wednesday, May 30, 2012

Lesson Plan English for Pharmacy


Lecturer     : Honest Ummi Kaltsum SS, M.Hum
Faculty/Dept : Pharmacy
Code         :
Subject      : English for Academic Purposes
Credit        : 2
Semester    : IV
Meeting     : III
Time          :       100’

I. Competent Standard
Students are expected to be able to
Preview the passage
Scan for details
Skim for main ideas.
Identify the main idea of a passage and a paragraph .
Draw inference and conclusions in a reading passage at paragraph and holistic levels.
Reconstruct the paragraph in English language.
Summarize accurately and appropriately

II. Basic Competency
The students  are able to identify a topic sentences in a reading passage

III. Indicator

  1. Students are able to understand the given text
  2. The students are able to paraphrase the text
  3. The students are able to write the main idea of a passage

IV. The Material

  • Diabetes Mellitus

V. Method /Learning Strategy

  • Lecturing
  • Discussion
  • Question and response
  • Grammar translation method

VI. Stage

  • Pre Reading: Introducing the passage about “Diabetes Mellitus”
  • Whilst Reading: Guessing unfamiliar word about the passage, Asking the students to do some exercises in the text given, Giving some questions to the students to check their comprehension about the major and minor details in the passage about “Diabetes Mellitus”
  • Post Reading: Clarify to the students about the material given related to the passage about “Diabetes Mellitus”

VII. Media

  • Media: Lap top, LCD, whiteboard, etc
  • Toharudin et al. 2006. English for Academic Purposes, English for Pharmacy. Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press.

VIII. Evaluation

  • Written Test/portfolio


Friday, May 18, 2012

Standardization and z Scores


compiled by Metty Agustine Primary

What is standard score?

  • A standard score can also be known as z score.
  • It functions to help researchers understand where an individual score falls in relation to other scores in the distribution.
  • A z score is a number that indicates how far above or below the mean a given score in the distribution is in standard deviation units.
  • Standardization refers to simply the process of converting individual raw scores in the distribution into standard deviation units.
  • Standardized score means the score which “mean” has been standardized.
Why do we need standardization and z score?

  • It aims to see whether the individual score has a better performance or not. This can be answered using statistical procedures – standardization and z scores.
  • If we have different scale on two scores on different subjects, we need to standardize those into the same scale. (see the example on p. 33 comparing the biology and statistics scores)

To Calculate z Score
To standardize a score, here are the following steps you can use:

  1. subtract the mean from an individual score
  2. divide it by the standard deviation

Z scores provide researchers a handy way of interpreting where a raw score is in relation to the mean.

The Normal Distribution

compiled by Metty Agustine Primary

Characteristics of the Normal Distribution
  • Symmetrical means it has a bell-shaped
  • Unimodal  means it has the mean, median and mode which are the same
  • Asymptotic means the upper and lower tails of the distribution never touch the baseline of the X axis. In other words, it has no zero score.

Why is the Normal Distribution So Important?
  • The three characteristics of the normal distribution are each critical in statistics because they allow us to make good use of probability statistics.
  • The normal distribution can provide a researcher to be able to make inferences about the population based on the data collected from the sample.
  •  Thus, inferential statistics are used to determine whether some issues or phenomenon observed in a sample represents an actual issue in the population from which the sample was drawn.

Skew and Kurtosis
  • Skew happens when a distribution of data set does not have the bell-shaped. In other words, it is not normal. There are two kinds of skewed distribution – positively and negatively skewed.
  • Kurtosis  refers to a measure of peaked-ness or flatness of the distribution. A highly peaked distribution will have a positive value of kurtosis; a flat distribution will have a negative value of kurtosis. 
  • A normal distribution will have a kurtosis value of zero or close to zero.


Thursday, May 17, 2012

HOW TO REMOVE ACNE FROM YOUR FACE:


compiled by Kirana Wulandari

Acne is a common human skin disease. It is one of the vexing problems for teenagers. In teenager’s cases, acne is caused by increasing of testosterone when people entering puberty and have a menstrual cycle. But the adults also can have acne problems too, this is because the oil content of the skin itself. I think, no one knows exactly what causes acne. There are many myths about what causes acne. Chocolate and greasy foods are often blamed, but there is little evidence that foods have much effect on acne in most people. Another common myth is that dirty skin causes acne; however, blackheads and pimples are not caused by dirt. Stress doesn't cause acne, but stress can make it worse. Acne can disrupt a person's psychological health which makes someone less confidence since the emergence of acne. In some cases, many people suicide him/herself because of their lack confidence in their appearance.
These are some simple tips that I can share with in ordertoget rid of acne on the face:

1.      Aspirin
Aspirin may helpy ou remove acne. The way is, first of all crushed aspirin into a powder, the nadds water, mix the powder and the water so that it becomes a paste. Applyit on pimples. Use it at night and wash it in the morning.

2.      Using Lemon Juice
I’ve read on the internet that lemon juice has properties that make your skin look smoother and healthier. What you can do with lemon is squeeze out the juice and dab it onto your scar. Then leave it on for 20 minutes and then wash it off. Do this every day and as many times as you want for fast result.

3.      Toothpaste
Use a small dab of tooth paste to the pimple, leave it all night and wash in the morning. Toothpaste can act as a mask, drawing impurities from the skin. Surprisingly, toothpaste can be deflating acne. Some toothpastes contain ingredients that help eliminate acne (menthol and alcohol), but there areal so some toothpastes can actually further irritate the facial skin (acne) more severe, so be careful before you try this method.

4.      Mint leaf
Mint leaf can remove your acne. It’s very simple; all you have to do is just blend the mint leafs with the water until it turns into juice, and then applies fresh mint juice to your face every night.

5.      Tomato
I've read on the internet too, that tomatoes can help to remove acne spots. It contains beneficial vitamins and anti-oxidants which can help to calm the skin, oil and dead skin to help out and generally lighten the skin. It is an excellent natural treatment for acne spots. You just need make a paste of tomato. Grind up tomatoes into a fine paste and apply this to the acne spots.You have to try this. I’ve try this one, and it does work.

6.      Dermatology
Some people have very serious acne problems. If you include to one of them, I suggest you should consult your problems to a beauticianora dermatologist. They will help heal your acne that has been infected tissue on your skin.

7.      Be patient and consistent
All types of herbal acne treatments or chemicals require longer periods of time, usually takes about two months, I guess. To see the changes you have to be patient and run the routine treatment.

8.      Touch
Try not too often to hold and touch your acne, because the dirty hands can aggravate the acne infection. Usually if you touch it too often, there would be an infection that causes scarring or cause blackened patches (spots). Keep your hands clean when you touch your face.

Here are some tips for you to keep your face clean and keep away from acne:
·        Wash your face every time you run out of outdoors and after activity.
·        When your face removing excess oil immediately wipe with a damp towel or paper towels that had been given water.
·        Drinking water and eating fruits and vegetables can help you prevent acne from inside the body.
·        I think it is very important to give your skin a moisturizer at night because a moisturizer can kept your skin clean and tight. For your information, a skin breathing at night and removing oil and dirt.

How To Build A Lasting Relationship

compiled by Asih Septiany W.
Most of women hope their relationship with a man is the last relationship that they interlace. A serious man in relationshipis everywoman's dream. However, as I have a relationship with a man is always filled with complex problems, problems that can rise from personal problem or an issue a rising from the commitment of the relationship itself. But, everything can be solved in an appropriate ways. Here, I want to share some ways to build a lasting relationship :

1. Being an number one encouragement of your boyfriend.
Let your boyfriend know how important the was to you and the world. A bustle sometimes making the relationship was slacken. One of which is caused due to stress from the bustle of living, the spirit from someone special is a solution of this problem. Some of them are reluctant to ask for help from a girlfriend some of them even feel ashamed to ask some help from a female partner. This is the time for women to understand more the needs of their boyfriend, try to always offer help even though sometime she refused.

2. As a couple, you should talk about anything and everything, because in a successful relationship there is no hidden secret.
Basically, dating is unites two individuals that have a lot of difference, sometimes dissent is often caused the problem in a relationship. So, we as women should try to invite our boyfriend to be able talking to each other about problems in his life because basically a man reluctant to talk about what happened. Do a lot of sharing or vent it is appropriate to solve this problem, with the openness, it will be found the right solution.

3. Keep your emotions when talking about sensitive problems.
Sometimes most men are less able to understand the feelings of women who are more sensitive. Thus, a man should be able to adjust their speech to the women, most of men are not aware of his words is quite impact on the women's feelings.

4. Treating your boyfriend as you want to be treated and familiarize to love and respect.
A good behaviour will get a good response too. But sometimes can’t be denied treatment of women as well we can’t be understood by men, they are always selfish in their stance. It would really hurt our sensitive feelings. But it's good if we try to start it all with kindness, he will respond all of our behaviour and will reply with a good behaviour too. 

5. Respect your boyfriend's individuality.
Your boyfriend is a complex individual with many ideas and desires, so do not limit his ability.Sometimes the problems arising from woman possessive attitude, because they felt frightened and disturbed by a third person.Mutual respect and trust ourboyfriendis the perfect solution top revent this problem.

6. Smile and laugh together as often as possible.
A smile is the simplest expression, but has the most powerful effects.It is a very simple thing, but men often ignore it and undergo a monotonous relationship. Relationship colored by the joke make us not bored, and make us comfort.

7. Use a soft touch as a language of love to communicate, like touch your girlfriend when you praise her.
One man's ability that highly favored women is their way of praise or seduce women. Thus, men sometimes necessary to praise and make her heart pleased with romantic words.

8. Fill your day with interesting thing and a surprise thing.
Busyness make your boyfriend's mind highly saturated, so we should take time to enjoy interesting things. Give your boyfriend the words that make him happy and raise his spirits.

Remember thatyour boyfriendis also an ordinary man. Every human have a different condition, don't forced our desire with excessive requests. Receive and appreciate his condition is the perfect choice for keeping your relationship. Life is filled with complex problems and it may happen to your boyfriend. Thus, mutual understanding is important thing in a relationship.

How To Keep A Special Relationship With A Classmate

compiled by Enda Hidayat
Based on my experience, having a special relationship can not be separated in the lecture, it will be unforgettable things. Togetherness in the classroom continuously can cause the attraction between men and women. Having a special relationship with a classmate have a positive and negative benefits, in the positive way a relationship with a classmate can be motivation in learning, but sometimes the negative impact such as the problems arising from that relationship that will be disturb the concentration one of them, but it can be avoided in order to keep the relationship well and afford a positive benefits so it does not disturb in the learning process.
In this chance, I will share some ways to keep a special relationship with a classmate based on my experience :

1. Making a commitment 
A commitment is the main thing in a relationship witha woman, the agreements contain a commitment that aims to limit and control some behaviors in a special relationship.As an example of a man are usually committed to be faithful to one woman, different case with some women that committed to her boyfriend, a woman usually wants to leave and go home from campus with her boyfriend with a shuttle could be a commitment.

2. Trust each other
Trust is a basic in establishing a relationship. In the student’s life is always colored with an individual or group tasks, sometimes this couldbe a problem when doing the task and not together, so this is where the trust has an important role, we must trust our girlfriend and give freedom especially in the academic field.

3. Respect each other
Lots of little things are very preciousin your girlfriend.Do not underestimate any small thing, because big things caused from little things. Like smiling when meet with your girlfriend, because a little smile will increase her spirit in learning. Another example is when your partner is finished doing a presentation in front of the class, give praise to her so that your girlfriend more motivated in learning.

4.Not show intimacy
This statement is one thing that should be included in the commitment. As we know in class activities closely related to the learning process. Show too much intimacy will make you feel isolated, because in fact some of your friends will feel ashamed when they saw you too excessive in your intimacy. In addition, your friends will feel awkward to interactwith you.

5. Keep the communication
Although located in a one activity in theclass, of course, we must always keep our communication. Do not be too busy with your friends without any communication with your girlfriend. Because it can make your girlfriend feels neglected. Keep the communication with your girlfriend even if only with asmile, a littlechat, or a text message.

6. Keep the appearance
Certainly your girlfriend do not want have a boy friendthat looks bad, more over you meet her any time in the classroom. Good looking make your girlfriend do not feel bored when you met. In addition, look more appealing make you pay more attention to your girlfriend and keep the interestofother men.

Having a girlfriend with your classmate is a choice although it will affect the activity of learning process. Good communication in a relationship will make us more motivated in the learning process and make a positive impact in the academic field. But if wedo not keep a good communication in that relationship, it will affect the learning process and get a negative impact in the academic field.

Wednesday, May 16, 2012

How to Reduce Your Anger


compile by Adi Wangsa

Angry is an expression of displeasure to someone by treating the people poorly, such as silence, rude, speak harshly, and violent refuted. But when the anger were burried too long and you exploded the anger in one time, it can be more harm. Anger is a bad behavior it may causes bad effect to other people and to ourself. Being alone, easy to stress, uncontrolled but the effect will be even more than this. So start to reduce or erase your anger from now.
Here it is the steps for reduce your anger, as follows :

1. Take a breath deeply
When the your emotional and heart beat rising rapidly, take your breath deeply.  When we were angry, this way is effective to decrease the heartbeat. Do it rightly in three times. your heartbeat and your tension would be decreased.

2. Take a control your mind
By taking control your mind, you can still considered what will happen if you show your anger. wether it would make the thing better or make the thing get worse.

3. Try to finding a comfortable place
If you are in angry, change the atmosphere by finding a comfortable place. Because, stay in a comfortable place bringing you to comfort atmosphere as well. such as in the park, beach, your room, or in your favorite place.

4. To do  a positive activities
Do something positive that will make you forget your angry feelings such as  browsing internet, reading comics, playing futsal with your friends, playing guitar, listening music, etc. Do any activity as long as it is positive and it can be erase your anger.

5. Share your feeling
Share your anger to your closest friend, your girl friend, parents, brother, or to someone that can make you comfort. By sharing you will slightly ease your mind and make you better.

6. Find the cause and the solution
find the causing ang solution of your problem.it can be done by figuring out where the root of probelm taht make us angry and decided waht will do for the solution.

7. Take it easy.
If someone making you angry, do not assume that's something serious. suppose that's joke.
So, take control you anger, don't make your anger controled you. your anger will raise a negative effect to your self and to the other. think before you show your anger. and think that anger is your big enemy.


So, take control you anger, don't make your anger controled you. your anger will raise a negative effect to your self and to the other. think before you show your anger. and think that anger is your big enemy.



Tuesday, May 15, 2012

LANGUAGE THOUGHT AND UTTERANCE


compile by Adi Wangsa

LANGUAGE
Language is the  human communication device for expressing the thoughts or feelings in the form of communication symbols, such as voice sounds, gestures, or written symbols.

THOUGHT
Thought generally refers to any mental or intellectual activity involving an individual's subjective consciousness. The thought underlies almost all human actions and interactions, understanding its physical and metaphysical origins, processes, and effects.

UTTERENCE
Speech is pure sound (speech), directly, from the person who speaks. So it is something good speech in the form of words, sentences, ideas coming out of the mouth of humans that have meaning. With this speech the meaning of it will emerge syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic. utterance is a smallest unit of speech. It can be represented and delineated in written language in many ways.

LANGUAGE AND THOUGHT
Relationship between language and thought that is in the use of language becomes a process of changing the thought become a code and changing the code become a thought. Language and thought can be influences to each other. Such as :

  • The thought influences the language. 

This is because, all human action is based on the patterns of thought . A good mindset will produce good actions, including language. For example, people who lose their minds (the thought do not functioning normally) will not be able to speak properly. Like the pre-school children in general have not been able to speak fluently because it has a limited vocabulary than normal adults. This is because the pre-school age their brains not yet fully developed.

  • Language influences the thought

Through observations made by Piaget on cognitive development of children. He saw that the child's cognitive development will influence language it uses. The higher cognitive aspects the higher the uses of language. Or the uses of language between adults and Child will be different. Because adult has a higher cognitive.
Some Linguist try to explain the relationship between language and thought, or more collapsible, how language influences the thought. Exposure of Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf are widely quoted by researcers in examining the relationship the language and thought sre the difference language structure is genearally parallel with the cognitive differences and human cognitive stucture is determained by the categories and  sttructures that already exist in the language.

LANGUAGE AND UTTERANCE
language is a form of utterance where the language that have produced contains the meaning and can be understood by humans. so the utterence will be understand with language.

THOUGHT AND UTTERANCE 
In general, a thought can be expressed in a the sentence. It can be interpreted also in expressing a sentence, it takes a thought. The sentence contained in the proposition that there are huge numbers. In the application of these propositions to act as a complement clause to the sentence stem.

LANGUAGE, THOUGHT AND UTTERANCE
The relationship of language, thought, and utterance that is in the use of language becomes a process of changing minds and changing the code into your mind code. Utterances is a synthesis of the process of changing the concept of a code. Thought can be expressed in a the sentence. It can be interpreted also in expressing a sentence, it takes a thought.


Source :
http://eka-karatika.blogspot.com/2011/11/bahasa-dan-pikiran.html
http://susilo.adi.setyawan.student.fkip.uns.ac.id/2009/10/21/pikiran-dan-bahasa-dalam-kajian-psikolinguistik/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thought

Saturday, May 12, 2012

8 Ways How to Save Money for Indekost Student

The Distance from home to campus makes some students choose indekost as their  temporary residence . Indekost students are identic with the motto “happy at the beginning of the month and suffered at the end  month. Saving money for indekost students it’s a must.  Without good financial management it’s only will make your monthly allowance from your parents will be quickly depleted.Therefore, good financial planning is necessary. some of these tips can help you, how to save money as indekost students.

1.Select kost that close to your campus.
 The distance between kost and your campus, much force you to have a budget for transportation. This is the most important, select kost that close to your campus, so you could walk to go to campus and when hunger hit you,  you only need to back into kos to just eat. If your kost lies far from your campus, join with your friend who use vehicle.

2. Make an expenditure plan.
each receive a monthly allowance from your parents, try to have expenditure list and expenses for one month ahead, so you can figure approximately how much money will spend for a month.

3. Limit your hang-out habits.
Usually college students spare time with to hang-out with their  friends . They are usually hang-out at the canteen, cafetaria or mall. Therefore, subtract your hang-out habits, try  another  alternatives such as studying, doing  task or go to the library in your spare time. Use your free time for useful things, or just lying in your kost.  If you can not eliminate your habits with friends,  find a hang-out place with affordable prices food.

4. Make your own food.
Meals away  will only makes your monthly money dwindling . Try to have your own cooking equipment in your  kost, so you can make your own food to eat and it will makes  you also can be creative in making the dishes.  so spending money to eat for a month can be reduced.

5. Don’t have a girlfriend.
Don’t have a girlfriend before you graduate from college, because it will only spend lots of money a. If you have a girlfriend you should have a special budget to date. For example, your girlfriend's is birthday you should  prepare a present for her birthday, to buy gifts that need money. Not only in her birthday, but in Valentine’s days and your relationship anniversary also, you should prepare a gift. RecommendedEnda Hidayat

6. Eat at your kost.
every hang-out with your friends, try to eat first in your kost,  so when you hang-out you didn’t bought too much food and your money saved. To minimize your expenditure, eat at your kost are recommended.

7. Survey the price in every stall.
Eaevery buy something at the stall, compare the price difference from one stall to another stall. So we can determine where the stalls that sell goods or foods cheaper. Don’t let fooled with a big discount. Buy something that you need, not what you want.

8. Looking for a side job.
if the monthly allowance transfers from your parents is not sufficient, the one and only solution is have a side job. With have own money you can buy anything that you need  without asking your parents. But it should be remembered choose a job that does not interfere with your activities as a student. By having a job you will learn how to live independently and learn how hard to find money.
This article is based on the experiences of my friends who lived as indekost student.

Sources: Irpan & Enda Hidayat



Friday, May 11, 2012

HOW TO FORGET YOUR EX-GIRLFRIEND

compile by Irpan

Do you want to forget your ex-girlfriend?

Many people who have a bad experience in relationship with his girlfriend is always hard to move on from their memories about his ex. Problem like this will be so hard to solved if they are have not enough motivation to move and fighting for their life. For the rich boys, it’s so simple to forget his ex. The way is doing party or another with money is easy. But, in this article i will give you how to forget your ex without money. Yes, there are ways on how you can do this.

1. Doing many activities
If you have not many activities, your mind will easy to remind all about her. It will make you never forget the memories about her and you. Let’s do many activities so that your mind will never back to remind your memories. For example, sport, travelling, etc.

2. Never told about your ex-girlfriend with your friend again
Try to never told about your past time with her to your friend everytime. Because, if you always do it you’ll can’t forget her forever. To told your memories with her everytime, it will be opened your heart and make you hurt so much also to remind it.

3. Don’t remember the beautiful things with her, but remember about the thing which is make you so hurt.
You will be easier to forget someone if you hate her. Never easy to hate the person who you love, but i think you must try it. Never remember the goodnessess about her, but remind “ is she still remember me? “. The answer will be “no”. That’s the simple ways to hate someone. If you can to do it, i’m sure you will forget her.

4. Try to find the new girlfriend
I think, if you have a new girlfriend, you will forget all of memories about your ex slowly. Becouse, you have someone to gift something special and extra notice in your life. Love your new girlfriend to forget your ex.

5. Lost contact
According to my experience, lost contact is the best way to forget your ex. However we can’t forget her if the communication is still done. For example, sometime we want to forget her, but the call, or message or whatever from her is come, our heart will be hurt so much to imagine our broken relationship.

6. Never try stalking timeline on twitter or look at the wall on her facebook
If you really want to forget her, leaving about her life in real life or cyber. Sometime you look at her timeline on her twitter or her facebook and you found she was have a new boyfriend, you heart will be hurt so much. It’s so difficult to accept the destiny. But, destiny is your way in life.

So, the destiny wiil never to avoid. But you can move to the another way in your life, and you can get your want there.Wake up, Life must go on.