The Scope of Psycholinguistics Studies
Psycholinguistics
is a branch of study which combines the disciplines of psychology and
linguistics. It is concerned with the relationship between the human mind and
the language as it examines the processes that occur in brain while producing
and perceiving both written and spoken discourse. What is more, it is
interested in the ways of storing lexical items and syntactic rules in mind, as
well as the processes of memory involved in perception and interpretation of
texts. Also, the processes of speaking and listening are analyzed, along with
language acquisition and language disorders.
Generally,
Psycholinguistics, covers three main points (Clark & Clark, 1977;
Tanenhaus, 1989):
1. Comprehension: How people understand spoken and
written language
a. Imitation
Imitation
in language acquisition occurs when children imitate language patterns and vocabulary
of those significant to them.
b. Conditioning
B.FSkinner
proposed mechanisms of conditioning or habituation to the child's speech is
heard and to be associated with objects or events that occur. Therefore the
initial vocabulary is owned by the child is a noun.
c. Social cognition
Children
gain an understanding of words (semantics) because he understood the purpose of
one's cognition to produce a phoneme through a mechanism of joint attention.
2. Speech production: How people produce language
Speech
production is the process by which spoken words are selected to be produced,
have their phonetics formulated and then finally are articulated by the motor
system in the vocal apparatus. Speech production can be spontaneous such as
when a person creates the words of a conversation, reaction such as when they
name a picture or read aloud a written word, or a vocal imitation such as in
speech repetition.
3. Language Acquisition: How people learn language
Language
acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and
comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words to communicate.
The Significance of Psycholinguistics for Language
Teaching and Learning
Learning
the language is so that students should not only master the language as a mere
stand-alone systems, to arrive at what is called the level of mastery of
language skills to manipulate it.
Communication
training should be given as early as possible, if necessary in conjunction with
the exercise of language to make a correct sentence
Psycholinguistics
is the detailed study of the psychology of language. It helps to study the
psychological and neurobiological factors That make it possible to assimilate
and apply the languages we identify with.
Learning
a language takes the cooperation of various parties to realize a concrete
outcome that may be far less the consideration of psycholinguistics as a
science that teaches how to use the language in actual communication.
Psycholinguistics
as a field of science that focuses on the application of the actual language
and communication should be realized. Obviously with the support of various
parties, because in learning a foreign language should be given the assumption that
learning a foreign language is easy. And we have to do is to apply various
methods and approaches that allow students to easily understand it. One that we
can not deny that language is a form of habit.
Resources
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